|
Microscopy- SEM, TEM, and AFM
In
the past few years, the Grassian research group has
begun to extensively use different microscopy techniques
to
characterize particles, including nanoparticles, to
follow the reaction
chemistry of individual components of mineral dust
aerosol and to learn more about the spatial inhomogenieties
found
in surface reactions of environmental interfaces. Some
of the images that we have taken using Scanning Electron
Microscopy
coupled to Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX) to
study
the chemistry of individual dust particles, transmission
electron
microscopy (TEM) to measure nanoparticle size distributions
and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate
spatial inhomogenieties
are shown below.
SEM/EDX
Images
Heterogeneous
reactions of individual particles from an authentic dust
sample China Loess followed by SEM/EDX.
The three particles
labeled a, b and c are a clay particle, calcium carbonate
particle and quartz particle. These show different reactivity
with nitric acid (e.g. CaCO3 particles shows unique morphology
changes due to the formation of deliquescent calcium
nitrate), demonstrating the difference in reactivity
of the components
of mineral dust aerosol. These studies are being done
with Dr. Alexander Laskin at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory.
TEM
Images
TEM
image of 5 nm particles used to investigate the
health implications of commercial manufactured nanoparticles.
The individual particles can be seen in this image.
The scale bar on the bottom is 20 nm.
AFM
Images
AFM
Height images of MgO(100) (a) before and (b)
after
reaction with nitric acid. The white spots in image
(b) are magnesium nitrate crystallite, not a continuous
thin film that was proposed from spectroscopic studies. These
crystallites are on the order of 0.5 to 1 micron wide
and 40 nm in height. |